Seroepidemiology of selected arboviruses in febrile patients visiting selected health facilities in the lake/river basin areas of Lake Baringo, Lake Naivasha, and Tana River, Kenya
Autor(es): Tigoi Caroline, Lwande Olivia, Orindi Benedict, Irura Zephania, Ongus Juliette, Sang Rosemary
Resumo: Arboviruses cause emerging - re-emerging infections affecting humans - animals. They are spread primarily by blood-sucking insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, midges, - s-flies. Changes in climate, ecology, demographic, l--use patterns, - increasing global travel have been linked to an upsurge in arboviral disease. Outbreaks occur periodically followed by persistent low-level circulation. This study was undertaken to determine the seroepidemiology of selected arboviruses among febrile patients in selected lake/river basins of Kenya. Using a hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive survey, febrile patients were recruited - their serum samples tested for exposure to immunoglobulin M (IgM) - IgG antibodies against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), West Nile virus (WNV), - chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Samples positive for CHIKV - WNV were further confirmed by the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Of the 379 samples examined, 176 were IgG positive for at least one of these arboviruses (46.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 41.4-51.5%). Virus-specific prevalence for CCHF, RVF, WN, - CHIK was 25.6%, 19.5%, 12.4%, - 2.6%, respectively. These prevalences varied significantly with geographical site (p<0.001), with Tana recording the highest overall arboviral seropositivity. PRNT results for Alphaviruses confirmed that the actual viruses circulating in Baringo were Semliki Forest virus (SFV) - CHIKV, o'nyong nyong virus (ONNV) in Naivasha, - SFV - Sindbis virus (SINDV) in Tana delta. Among the flaviviruses tested, WNV was circulating in all the three sites. There is a high burden of febrile illness in humans due to CCHFV, RVFV, WNV, - CHIKV infection in the river/lake basin regions of Kenya.
Palavras-Chave: Arboviruses; Chikungunya virus; Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus; Febrile patients; Kenya; Lake/River Basin areas; Rift Valley fever virus; West Nile virus
Imprenta: Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, v. 15, n. 2, p. 124-132, 2015
Identificador do objeto digital: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1686
Descritores: Chikungunya virus - Arbovirus ; Chikungunya virus - Antibodies ; Chikungunya Virus - Virus ; Chikungunya virus - Chikungunya fever
Data de publicação: 2015
