Autor(es): Lundstrom Kenneth

Resumo: Alphavirus vectors have demonstrated high levels of transient heterologous gene expression both in vitro - in vivo -, therefore, possess attractive features for vaccine development. The most commonly used delivery vectors are based on three single-str-ed encapsulated alphaviruses, namely Semliki Forest virus, Sindbis virus - Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Alphavirus vectors have been applied as replication-deficient recombinant viral particles -, more recently, as replication-proficient particles. Moreover, in vitro transcribed RNA, as well as layered DNA vectors have been applied for immunization. A large number of highly immunogenic viral structural proteins expressed from alphavirus vectors have elicited strong neutralizing antibody responses in multispecies animal models. Furthermore, immunization studies have demonstrated robust protection against challenges with lethal doses of virus in rodents - primates. Similarly, vaccination with alphavirus vectors expressing tumor antigens resulted in prophylactic protection against challenges with tumor-inducing cancerous cells. As certain alphaviruses, such as Chikungunya virus, have been associated with epidemics in animals - humans, attention has also been paid to the development of vaccines against alphaviruses themselves. Recent progress in alphavirus vector development - vaccine technology has allowed conducting clinical trials in humans.

Palavras-Chave: Alphaviruses; Vaccines; Naked RNA; DNA vaccines; Recombinant particles; Protection against lethal virus challenges; Tumor protection; Clinical trials

Imprenta: Viruses, v. 6, n. 6. p. 2392-2415, 2014

Identificador do Objeto Digital: 10.3390/v6062392

Descritores: Chikungunya virus - Cell ; Chikungunya virus - DNA ; Chikungunya virus - Pathogenesis ; Chikungunya virus - Proteins ; Chikungunya virus - RNA ; Chikungunya virus - Viral infections ; Chikungunya Virus - Virus ; Chikungunya virus - Vaccine ; Chikungunya virus - Epidemic ; Chikungunya virus - Immunology ; Chikungunya virus - Public health

Data de Publicação: 2014