Autor(es): Kovendan, Kalimuthu; Murugan, Kadarkarai; Shanthakumar, Shanmugam Perumal; Vincent, Savariar; Hwang, Jiang-Shiou

Resumo: Morinda citrifolia leaf extract was tested for larvicidal activity against three medically important mosquito vectors such as malarial vector Anopheles stephensi, dengue vector Aedes aegypti, and filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus. The plant material was shade dried at room temperature and powdered coarsely. From the leaf, 1-kg powder was macerated with 3.0 L of hexane, chloroform, acetone, methanol, and water sequentially for a period of 72 h each and filtered. The yield of extracts was hexane (13.56 g), chloroform (15.21 g), acetone (12.85 g), methanol (14.76 g), and water (12.92 g), respectively. The extracts were concentrated at reduced temperature on a rotary vacuum evaporator and stored at a temperature of 4A degrees C. The M. citrifolia leaf extract at 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 ppm caused a significant mortality of three mosquito species. Hexane, chloroform, acetone, and water caused moderate considerable mortality; however, the highest larval mortality was methanolic extract, observed in three mosquito vectors. The larval mortality was observed after 24-h exposure. No mortality was observed in the control. The third larvae of Anopheles stephensi had values of LC50 = 345.10, 324.26, 299.97, 261.96, and 284.59 ppm and LC90 = 653.00, 626.58, 571.89, 505.06, and 549.51 ppm, respectively. The Aedes aegypti had values of LC50 = 361.75, 343.22, 315.40, 277.92, and 306.98 ppm and LC90 = 687.39, 659.02, 611.35, 568.18, and 613.25 ppm, respectively. The Culex quinquefasciatus had values of LC50 = 382.96, 369.85, 344.34, 330.42, and 324.64 ppm and LC90 = 726.18, 706.57, 669.28, 619.63, and 644.47 ppm, respectively. The results of the leaf extract of M. citrifolia are promising as good larvicidal activity against the mosquito vector Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus. This is a new eco-friendly approach for the control of vector control programs. Therefore, this study provides first report on the larvicidal activities against three species of mosquito vectors of this plant extracts from India.

Palavras-Chave: Diptera-Culicidae; Bacterial Insecticide; Malarial Vector; Bacillus-Thuringiensis; Chemical-Constituents; Dengue Vector; Efficacy; Filariasis; Drosophila; Dispersal

Imprenta: Parasitology Research, v. 111, n. 4, p. 1481-1490, 2012

Identificador do objeto digital: 10.1007/s00436-012-2984-9

Descritores: Aedes aegypti - Larvicide ; Aedes aegypti - Public health

Data de publicação: 2012

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