Autor(es): Broeckel Rebecca, Haese Nicole, Messaoudi Ilhem, Streblow Daniel N

Resumo: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a positive-sense RNA virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. CHIKV is a reemerging Alphavirus that causes acute febrile illness - severe - debilitating polyarthralgia of the peripheral joints. Huge epidemics - the rapid spread of CHIKV seen in India - the Indian Ocean region established CHIKV as a global health concern. This concern was further solidified by the recent incursion of the virus into the Western hemisphere, a region without pre-existing immunity. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) serve as excellent animal models for underst-ing CHIKV pathogenesis - pre-clinical assessment of vaccines - therapeutics. NHPs present advantages over rodent models because they are a natural amplification host for CHIKV - they share significant genetic - physiological homology with humans. CHIKV infection in NHPs results in acute fever, rash, viremia - production of type I interferon. NHPs develop CHIKV-specific B - T-cells, generating neutralizing antibodies - CHIKV-specific CD4? - CD8? T-cells. CHIKV establishes a persistent infection in NHPs, particularly in cynomolgus macaques, because infectious virus could be recovered from spleen, liver, - muscle as late as 44 days post infection. NHPs are valuable models that are useful in preclinical testing of vaccines - therapeutics - uncovering the details of CHIKV pathogenesis.

Palavras-Chave: Chikungunya virus; Immunity; Nonhuman primate; Pathogenesis; Polyarthritis

Imprenta: Pathogens, v. 4, n. 3, p. 662-681, 2015

Identificador do objeto digital: 10.3390/pathogens4030662

Descritores: Chikungunya virus - Cell ; Chikungunya virus - Pathogenesis ; Chikungunya virus - RNA ; Chikungunya virus - Antibodies ; Chikungunya Virus - Virus ; Chikungunya virus - Vaccine ; Chikungunya virus - Chikungunya fever ; Chikungunya virus - Epidemic

Data de publicação: 2015

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