Host immune response to mosquito-transmitted Chikungunya virus differs from that elicited by needle inoculated virus
Autor(es): Thangamani Saravanan, Higgs Stephen, Ziegler Sarah, Vanlandingham Dana, Tesh Robert, Wikel Stephen
Resumo: Mosquito-borne diseases are a worldwide public health threat. Mosquitoes transmit viruses or parasites during feeding, along with salivary proteins that modulate host responses to facilitate both blood feeding - pathogen transmission. Underst-ing these earliest events in mosquito transmission of arboviruses by mosquitoes is essential for development - assessment of rational vaccine - treatment strategies. In this report, we compared host immune responses to chikungunya virus (CHIKV) transmission by (1) mosquito bite, or (2) by needle inoculation. Differential cytokine expression was measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR, at sites of uninfected mosquito bites, CHIKV-infected mosquito bites, - needle-inoculated CHIKV. Both uninfected - CHIKV infected mosquitoes polarized host cytokine response to a TH2 profile. Compared to uninfected mosquito bites, expression of IL-4 induced by CHIKV-infected mosquitoes were 150 fold - 527.1 fold higher at 3 hours post feeding (hpf) - 6 hpf, respectively. A significant suppression of TH1 cytokines - TLR-3 was also observed. These significant differences may result from variation in the composition of uninfected - CHIKV-infected mosquito saliva. Needle injected CHIKV induced a robust interferon-gamma, no detectable IL-4, - a significant up-regulation of TLR-3. This report describes the first analysis of cutaneous cytokines in mice bitten by CHIKV-infected mosquitoes. Our data demonstrate contrasting immune activation in the response to CHIKV infection by mosquito bite or needle inoculation. The significant role of mosquito saliva in these earliest events of CHIKV transmission - infection are highlighted.
Imprenta: PloS One, v. 5, n. 8, p. e12137, 2010
Identificador do objeto digital: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012137
Descritores: Chikungunya virus - Arbovirus ; Chikungunya virus - Biosynthesis ; Chikungunya virus - Cell ; Chikungunya virus - Cytopathology ; Chikungunya virus - Immune response ; Chikungunya virus - Pathogenesis ; Chikungunya virus - Proteins ; Chikungunya virus - Cytokines ; Chikungunya virus - Immune response ; Chikungunya virus - Viral infections ; Chikungunya virus - Real Time PCR ; Chikungunya virus - RT-PCR ; Chikungunya Virus - Virus ; Chikungunya virus - Transmission ; Chikungunya virus - Vaccine ; Chikungunya virus - Immunology ; Chikungunya virus - Public health
Data de publicação: 2010
