Autor(es): Zayed Alia, Awash Abdullah A, Esmail Mohammed A, Al-Mohamadi Hani A, Al-Salwai Mostafa, Al-Jasari Adel, Medhat Iman, Morales-Betoulle Maria E, Mnzava Abraham

Resumo: In October 2010, the Ministry of Public Health - Population reported an outbreak of dengue-like acute febrile illness in Al Hodayda governorate. By January 2011, a total of 1542 cases had been recorded from 19 of the 26 districts in the governorate with 104 purportedly associated deaths. In response this event, in January 2011 entomological investigations aimed at identifying the primary vector - the epidemic associated etiological agent were carried out. Based on the reported cases - the progress of the outbreak in the governorate, mosquito collection was undertaken in two of the most recent outbreak areas; Al Khokha district (130km south of Al Hodayda) - Al Muneera district (100km north). Mosquito adults were collected from houses using BG-sentinel? traps, aspiration of resting mosquitoes - knock-down spraying. Indoor - outdoor containers adjacent to the houses were inspected for larvae. Subsequently mosquito pools were analyzed by RT-PCR for detection of the four dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4), - for Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Aedes aegypti was the dominant mosquito species collected. Four pools represent 40% of the tested pools, all containing adult female Ae. aegypti, were positive for CHIKV. Three CHIKV isolates were obtained from the RNA positive mosquito pools - identified by rRT-PCR. This finding marks the first record of CHIKV isolated from Ae. aegypti in Yemen. The larval container - Breteau indices in the visited localities surveyed were estimated at 53.8 - 100, respectively. The emergence of this unprecedented CHIKV epidemic in Al Hodayda is adding up another arboviral burden to the already existing vector-borne diseases. Considering the governorate as one focal port in the Red Sea region, the spread of the disease to other areas in Yemen - in neighboring countries is anticipated. Public health education - simple measures to detect - prevent mosquito breeding in water storage containers could prevent - reduce the spread of mosquito-borne viruses like CHIKV - DENV in Yemen.

Palavras-Chave: Chikungunya outbreak; Aedes aegypti; Larval index; CHIKV; Yemen

Imprenta: Acta Tropica, v. 123, n. 1, p. 62-66, 2012

Identificador do objeto digital: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.03.004

Descritores: Chikungunya virus - Pathogenesis ; Chikungunya virus - RNA ; Chikungunya virus - Viral infections ; Chikungunya virus - PCR detection ; Chikungunya virus - RT-PCR ; Chikungunya Virus - Virus ; Chikungunya virus - Dengue ; Chikungunya virus - Epidemic ; Chikungunya virus - Epidemiology ; Chikungunya virus - Public health

Data de publicação: 2012

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