Chikungunya fever: CNS infection and pathologies of a re-emerging arbovirus
Autor(es): Das Trina, Jaffar-B-jee Marie Christine, Hoarau Jean Jacques, Krejbich Trotot Pascale, Denizot Melanie, Lee-Pat-Yuen Ghislaine, Sahoo Renubala, Guiraud Pascale, Ramful Duksha, Robin Stephanie, Alessandri Jean Luc, Gauzere Bernard Alex, Gasque Philippe
Resumo: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes - causes an acute symptomatic illness with fever, skin rash, - incapacitating arthralgia, which can evolve into chronic rheumatoid arthritis in elderly patients. This is a tropical disease originally described in central/east Africa in the 1960s, but its 2004 re-emergence in Africa - rapid spread in l-s in - around the Indian Ocean (Reunion isl-, India, Malaysia) as well as Europe (Italy) led to almost 6 million cases worldwide. The risk of importation - spreading diseases with long-term sequelae is even greater today given the global distribution of the vectors (including in the Americas), increased tourism - the apparent capacity of CHIKV to produce high levels of viremia (10(9)-10(12) virus/ml of blood) - new mutants. CHIKV-associated neuropathology was described early in the 1960s, but it is the unprecedented incidence rate in Indian Ocean areas with efficient clinical facilities that allowed a better description of cases with severe encephalitis, meningoencephalitis, peripheral neuropathies - deaths among newborns (mother-to-child infection), infants - elderly patients. Death rates following CHIKV infection were estimated at 1:1000 cases in la Reunion's outbreak. These clinical observations have been corroborated by experimental infection in several mouse models, leading to CNS pathologies. We further describe in this review the capacity of CHIKV to infect neurons - glial cells, delineate the fundamental innate (intrinsic) immune defence mechanisms to protect from infection - argue about the possible mechanisms involved in the encephalopathy.
Palavras-Chave: Alphavirus; Neuroinfection; Innate immunity; Neurodegeneration
Imprenta: Progress in Neurobiology, v. 91, n. 2, p. 121-129, 2010
Identificador do objeto digital: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2009.12.006
Descritores: Chikungunya virus - Arbovirus ; Chikungunya virus - Cell ; Chikungunya virus - Pathogenesis ; Chikungunya virus - Immunopathology ; Chikungunya virus - Infectious diseases ; Chikungunya virus - Viral infections ; Chikungunya Virus - Virus ; Chikungunya virus - Chikungunya fever
Data de publicação: 2010
