Autor(es): Sharma V P

Resumo: Malaria control in India has occupied high priority in health sector consuming major resources of the Central - State governments. Several new initiatives were launched from time to time supported by foreign aids but malaria situation has remained static - worsened in years of good rainfall. At times malaria relented temporarily but returned with vengeance at the local, regional - national level, becoming more resilient by acquiring resistance in the vectors - the parasites. National developments to improve the economy, without health impact assessment, have had adverse consequences by providing enormous breeding grounds for the vectors that have become refractory to interventions. As a result, malaria prospers - its control is in dilemma, as finding additional resources is becoming difficult with the ongoing financial crisis. Endemic countries must contribute to make up the needed resources, if malaria is to be contained. Malaria control requires long term planning, one that will reduce receptivity - vulnerability, - uninterrupted financial support for sustained interventions. While this seems to be a far cry, the environment is becoming more receptive for vectors, - epidemics visit the country diverting major resources in their containment, e.g. malaria, dengue - dengue haemorrhagic fevers, - Chikungunya virus infection. In the last six decades malaria has taken deep roots - diversified into various ecotypes, the control of these ecotypes requires local knowledge about the vectors - the parasites. In this review we outline the historical account of malaria - methods of control that have lifted the national economy in many countries. While battles against malaria should continue at the local level, there is a need for large scale environmental improvement. Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis - Malaria has provided huge funds for malaria control worldwide touching US$ 2 billion in 2011. Unfortunately it is likely to decline to US$ 1.5 billion in the coming years against the annual requirement of US$ 5 billion. While appreciating the foreign assistance, we wish to highlight the fact that unless we have internal strength of resources - manpower, sustained battles against malaria may face serious problems in achieving the final goal of malaria elimination.

Palavras-Chave: Drug resistance; Malaria elimination; Malaria profile; Malaria vectors; MDG; MPO; Urban malaria scheme

Imprenta: The Indian Journal of Medical Research, v. 136, n. 6, p. 907-925, 2012

Descritores: Chikungunya virus - Pathogenesis ; Chikungunya Virus - Virus ; Chikungunya virus - Dengue ; Chikungunya virus - Epidemic ; Chikungunya virus - Epidemiology ; Chikungunya virus - Public health

Data de publicação: 2012

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