Autor(es): Nhan, Tu-Xuan; Cao-Lormeau, Van-Mai; Musso, Didier

Resumo: Zika virus (ZIKV) was first isolated in 1947 from a rhesus monkey in the Zika forest of Uganda. ZIKV is an arthropod-borne viruses (arbovirus) belonging to the Flavivirus genus. ZIKV is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes, especially Aedes species. Sporadic human cases were reported from the 1950s and 1960s in Asia and Africa. In 2007, Yap Island (Federated States of Micronesia, Pacific) reported the first large ZIKV outbreak. From October 2013 to March 2014, French Polynesia (FP), Pacific, experienced the largest ZIKV outbreak ever reported with an estimate of 28.000 cases (11percent of the population). Before the FP outbreak, Zika fever was reported as a self-limited disease, no severe form nor hospitalization have been reported. During this outbreak, the incidence of Guillain-Barre syndromes was 20 fold higher than expected and this neurological complication was probably linked with ZIKV infections. During this outbreak, perinatal and possible transfusion-related ZIKV transmissions have been described. Acute phase diagnosis relies on molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR). Serodiagnosis is limited by the high degree of cross reactions with other flaviviruses, especially in the case of secondary-flaviviruses infections. To date, there is no available commercial test and diagnosis is limited to reference laboratories. Zika fever should be suspected from patients presenting with a "dengue like syndrome", returning or living in a ZIKV endemic area and tested negative for the other predominant arboviruses, especially dengue.

Palavras-Chave: Arboviruses; Diagnosis; Emergence; French Polynesia; Outbreak; Zika; ZIKV

Imprenta: Revue Francophone des Laboratoires, v. 2014, n. 467, p. 45-52, 2014.

Descritores: Zika virus - Arbovirus ; Zika virus - RT-PCR ; Zika virus - Zika fever ; Zika virus - Dengue

Data de publicação: 2014

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