Evidence of circulation of selected arboviruses in ijara and marigat districts, Kenya
Autor(es): Ofula V.O., Oundo J., Irura Z., Chepkorir E., Tigoi C., Lwande O., Ongus J., Schoepp R., Rossi C., Wurapa E.K., Sonde H., Sang R.
Resumo: Arboviruses are transmitted by arthropods with humans becoming infected during blood feeding by infected mosquitoes, ticks and sandflies. Characterization of arbovirus circulation and transmission in industrialized countries has been well documented, but there are many knowledge gaps in developing nations. Entomological surveys conducted so far have indicated circulation of arboviruses of significant public health importance in Aedes, Anopheles and Culex species in vast populations in Kenya, suggesting the presence of competent vector systems. The human involvement in the transmission cycle of these viruses has however not been demonstrated. This study sought to determine the sero-prevalence of a range of arboviruses including; Chikungunya, Dengue, Sindbis, Sandfly Naples, Sandfly Sicilian, Uganda S, West Nile and Zika viruses in Ijara and Marigat Districts where vector surveillance has been done. A total of 351 patient serum samples were analyzed using IgG ELISA, of these 193 (54.9%) were male and 158 (45.1%) were female with age ranging between 3 and 73. The overall arbovirus prevalence was 53/351 (15.1%) with a prevalence of 7% (10/143) in Marigat and 21% (43/208) in Ijara. Of the positives, Flaviviruses were 69%, alpha viruses 29.6% and Bunyaviridae 1.4%. Uganda S virus was the most prevalent with 10%, followed by West Nile virus 6%, Sindbis 5%, Dengue 2%, Chikungunya 1.1%, Sandfly Naples 0.2% respectively. Semliki-forest virus-specific antibodies were detected by plaque reduction neutralization test in 3/351 (0.85%) persons tested. Antibodies against Sandfly Sicilian and Zika viruses were not detected. This study constitutes the first detection of antibodies against Sandfly Naples virus in Kenya. The study has demonstrated the circulation of the selected arboviruses in the two sites amongst human population. These findings will improve our understanding of impact of Arboviruses on public health in the regions so that preventive actions and awareness among clinicians in patient' recognition and management can be enhanced.
Palavras-Chave: Arbovirus, hygiene, Kenya, society, tropical medicine
Imprenta: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, v. 89, n. 5, supl. 1, p. 278, nov. 2013
Descritores: Zika virus - Arbovirus ; Zika virus - Flaviviridae ; Zika virus - Antibodies ; Zika virus - Infectious diseases ; Zika virus - Transmission ; Zika virus - Public health
Data de publicação: 2013
